Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, affects a large portion of the American population. At our Anaheim dentist office, our experienced team treats all stages of periodontal disease. Learn more about the symptoms, causes, and treatments for this common dental issue.
The most common symptoms of periodontal disease include sore and bleeding gums, redness and swelling, pain while chewing, and receding gums. Patients with advanced stages of the disease may also experience loose teeth, pus around the gums, and chronic bad breath.
Periodontal disease is primarily caused by bacteria that thrive on the soft residue called plaque that builds up on teeth. These bacteria are particularly drawn to the carbohydrates and sugars in the plaque. When plaque is left unremoved, it eventually hardens into tartar or calculus, which can't be eliminated through brushing and flossing.
Since the gum tissue is delicate, the presence of bacteria causes irritation, resulting in inflammation, redness, swelling, and soreness. As calculus forms, it behaves like a splinter that gets under your skin and continues to irritate the gums. Without prompt removal, an infection may develop. The same thing occurs with your gums.
Although bacteria in plaque is the primary culprit of periodontal disease, there are other contributing factors that can cause or worsen gum disease.
GENETICS: Genetics can play a role in gum disease as some people may be more susceptible due to their genetic makeup. Consequently, some individuals with inadequate dental hygiene may never experience periodontal issues, while others who practice good oral care may develop the disease.
WEAK IMMUNE SYSTEM: Prolonged presence of harmful bacteria in the body can weaken the immune system, making it more difficult to combat periodontal disease. Those with weakened immune systems due to conditions like HIV or cancer may be particularly vulnerable.
DIABETES: Elevated blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes may promote bacterial growth in the mouth, potentially worsening periodontal disease.
HORMONE CHANGES: Changes in hormone levels, such as those during puberty, pregnancy, menses, and menopause, can make the gums more susceptible to bacterial infection.
MEDICATION SIDE EFFECTS: Certain medications may increase the likelihood of gum disease by inhibiting salivary production and flow, which naturally protects the teeth and gums.
TOBACCO AND MARIJUANA: Smoking or using tobacco products can harm gum tissue, while regular marijuana use has been linked to an increased risk of periodontal disease.
No, periodontal disease cannot be transmitted from one person to another as it is caused by bacteria that live under the patient's gums.
Although rare in children, it may occur in adolescents, but most cases occur in adults.
Mild periodontal disease, also known as gingivitis, can be controlled through regular brushing and flossing, but still requires regular dental visits for monitoring and deep cleaning. Advanced stages of the disease require professional periodontal treatment, including surgery and tooth removal.
Moderate and severe periodontal disease will worsen over time and can lead to tooth loss, weakened immune system, and an increased risk of stroke, heart attack, rheumatoid arthritis, and serious respiratory conditions.
Good dental hygiene, regular dental visits, and avoiding smoking can help prevent the development of periodontal disease. Genetics and age also play a role in the development of gum disease.
The cost of treating periodontal disease varies depending on the severity of the disease, needed treatments, and insurance coverage. After a consultation, our team will develop a treatment plan and provide a cost estimate.
Visit our Anaheim dentist office to learn more about periodontal disease and schedule an exam with the team at Dentist of Anaheim.
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